SUMMERIZE
WHO IS THE PERPRETOR?
There are usually several (potential) perpetrators
Violence can take place by partner/spouse, family members, kin, or persons unknown to the victim (i.e. attack in public transportation or street due to rumours that the person belongs to gender or sexual minority)
There can be many persons affected and it is not always clear-cut who the victim and perpetrator are (for example underage brother is pushed to watch sister over or even use violence or kill)
The threat is usually not over, and it can even escalate after an intervention and the eventual prosecution of the ‘main’ perpetrator
Rumours can play a significant role as triggers to conflict or violence
It can overlap/include other forms of gender-based violence or harmful practices that have moved from generation to generation
Many intersecting factors increase the risk for violence to be perpetrated, including socio-economic status, previous victimization, weak sanctions against (gender-based) violence etc.
WHERE
The threat can come from multiple locations (family, school, work, religious centre…), including abroad. There is a public legitimating of some kind to the violence within a certain group or context.
It might take place in groups or communities that are more tight-knit or closed for a variety of reasons.
WHO CAN BE UNDER
“HONOUR” RESTRICTION OR AFFECTED BY IT?
Girls and young women
Boys and young men
Gender and Sexual minorities (LGBTQIA+, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer, Intersex, Asexual).
The person under threat might be trying to protect their friends or family from punishment or negative consequences.